Hussein, G. et al. Antihypertensive and Neuroprotective Effects of Astaxanthin in Experimental Animals. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2005; 28(1): 47-52.

Miyawaki, H. et al. Effects of Astaxanthin on Human Blood Rheology. Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 2005; 21 (4).

Nagaki, Y. et al. The Effect of Astaxanthin on Retinal Capillary Blood Flow in Normal Volunteers. Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 2005; 21 (5): 537-542.

Diabetic Nephropathy
Naito, Y. et al. Microarray Profiling of gene expression patterns in glomerular cells of astaxanthin – treated diabetic mice: an approach on nutrigenomics. (In press)

Muscle endurance
Aoi et al. Astaxanthin Limits exercise-induced skeletal and cardiac muscle damage in mice. Antioxidants & Redox Signal 2003; 5(1): 139-144.

Sawaki et al. Benefits from taking natural astaxanthin characterized by visual acuity and muscle fatigue improvements in humans. Rinsho Iyaku (Journal of Clinical Medicine) 2002; 18 (9): 1085-1100.

Malmsten Dietary Supplementation with astaxanthin-rich algal meal improves strength endurance. AstaReal AB Karolinska Institute Unpubl. 1998.

Antioxidant
Goto, S. et al. Efficient radical trapping at the surface and inside the phospholipid membrane is responsible for highly potent antiperoxidative activity of the carotenoid astaxanthin. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 2001; 1512: 251-258.

Rebrin, I. et al. Effect of antioxidant-enriched diets on glutathione redox status in tissue homogenates and mitochondria of the senescence-accelerated mouse. Free Radical Biology & Medicine 2005; 39: 549-557.

Eye Fatigue
Nagaki et al. The supplementation effect of astaxanthin on accommodation and asthenopia. 2006; Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 22(1):41-54.

Nagaki et al. The effect of astaxanthin on retinal capillary blood flow in normal volunteers. Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 2005; 21(5):537-542.

Nitta et al. Effect of astaxanthin on accommodation and asthenopia - Efficacy - identification study in healthy volunteers. Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 2005; 21(6):637-650.

Shiratori et al. Effect of astaxanthin on accommodation and asthenopia - Efficacy - identification study in healthy volunteers. Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 2005; 21(5):543-556.

Takahashi, Kajita Effects of Astaxanthin on accommodative recovery. Journal of Clinical Therapeutics and Medicines 2005; 21(4):431-436.

Nakamura et al. Changes in visual function following peroral astaxanthin. Japan Journal of Clinical Opthalmology 2004; 58(6):1051-1054.

Nagaki et al. Effects of Astaxanthin on accommodation, critical flicker fusion, and pattern visual evoked potential in visual display terminal workers. Journal of Traditional Medicines 2002; 19(5):170-173.

Sawaki et al. Benefits from taking natural astaxanthin characterized by visual acuity and muscle fatigue improvements in humans. Rinsho Iyaku (Journal of Clinical medicine) 2002; 18(9):1085-1100.

H-Pylori
Kupcinskas et al. Efficacy of the antioxidant astaxanthin in the treatment of functional dyspepsia in patients with or without Helicobacter pylori gastritis: a propective, randomized, double blind, and placebo controlled study. European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Submitted.

Wang et al. Astaxanthin rich algal meal and vitamin C inhibit H.pyori infection in BABLB/cA mice. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 2000; 44(9):2452-2457.

Lignell et al. The safety, tolerability and efficacy of the antioxidant Astaxanthin in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection. 12th International Carotenoid Symposium, Cairns. 1999. (See also AstaReal AB: Report by T.J.Brody, 07.99)

Bennedsen et al. Treatment of H. pylori infected mice with antioxidant astaxanthin reduces gastric inflammation, bacterial load and modulates cytokine release by splenocytes. Immunology Letters 1999; 70(3):185-189.